They're usually mild and pass within 1 to 2 weeks. But as with all types of flu, some people are at higher risk of serious illness, particularly those with underlying health problems. The regular flu jab will usually protect people who are at a higher risk of becoming severely ill. A vaccine programme for children has also been introduced, which aims to protect children and reduce their ability to infect others.
This can be longer in some people, especially children and people with weakened immune systems and in people infected with H1N1 viruses. Take 60 seconds to watch this reminder on why vaccination is so important.
Joe Bresee describes how to keep from getting the flu, and spreading it to others by taking these three steps.
What can I do to protect myself from getting sick? A flu vaccine is by far the most important step in protecting against flu infection. There are also everyday actions that can help prevent the spread of germs that cause respiratory illnesses like the flu.
Cover your nose and mouth with a tissue when you cough or sneeze. Throw the tissue in the trash after you use it. If you are sick with flu-like illness, CDC recommends that you stay home for at least 24 hours after your fever is gone except to get medical care or for other necessities.
Your fever should be gone without the use of a fever-reducing medicine. Cover your mouth and nose with a tissue when coughing or sneezing. Put your used tissue in the waste basket. Then, clean your hands, and do so every time you cough or sneeze. Employees who are well but who have an ill family member at home with H1N1 flu can go to work as usual. These employees should monitor their health every day, and take everyday precautions including covering their coughs and sneezes and washing their hands often with soap and water, especially after they cough or sneeze.
If soap and water are not available, they should use an alcohol-based hand rub. Employees who have an underlying medical condition or who are pregnant should call their health care provider for advice, because they might need to receive influenza antiviral drugs.
Washing your hands often will help protect you from germs. CDC recommends that when you wash your hands -- with soap and warm water -- that you wash for 15 to 20 seconds. When soap and water are not available, alcohol-based disposable hand wipes or gel sanitizers may be used. If using gel, rub your hands until the gel is dry.
The gel doesn't need water to work; the alcohol in it kills the germs on your hands. A downloadable flyer containing this information also is available. Fever can be one of the symptoms of a flu-like illness for many people. A fever is an oral temperature of at least degrees Fahrenheit Signs of a fever include chills, a flushed appearance, feeling very warm, or sweating. Fever-reducing medicines typically contain acetaminophen such as Tylenol or ibuprofen such as Motrin.
These medicines can both help bring fever down and relieve pain. To help avoid spreading the flu, if you have a fever, stay at home for at least 24 hours after you no longer have a fever or signs of a fever. However, if you're taking fever-reducing medicines, you cannot tell if your fever is truly gone. Therefore, when you start to feel better, increase the interval between doses of fever-reducing medicines and continue to monitor your temperature to make sure your fever does not return.
Joe Bresee describes the main symptoms of flu, including H1N1 flu, and when it is serious enough to seek medical help. The virus enters your body when you inhale contaminated droplets or transfer live virus from a contaminated surface to your eyes, nose or mouth.
If you live in or travel to an area where many people are infected with the H1N1 virus, you may be exposed to the virus. Each year's seasonal flu vaccine protects against the three or four influenza viruses that are expected to be the most common during that year's flu season. The flu vaccine can reduce your risk of the flu and its severity and lower the risk of having serious illness from the flu and needing to stay in the hospital. Flu vaccination is especially important in the flu season because the flu and coronavirus disease COVID cause similar symptoms.
Preventing the flu and reducing the severity of flu illness and hospitalizations could also lessen the number of people needing to stay in the hospital.
The flu vaccine is available as an injection and as a nasal spray. The nasal spray is approved for use in healthy people ages 2 through 49 years old. The nasal spray isn't recommended for some groups, such as pregnant women, children between 2 and 4 years old with asthma or wheezing, and people who have compromised immune systems. For example, you may need to practice social distancing physical distancing and stay at least 6 feet 2 meters from others outside your household. You may also need to wear a cloth face mask when around people outside your household.
Mayo Clinic does not endorse companies or products. Advertising revenue supports our not-for-profit mission. This content does not have an English version. This content does not have an Arabic version. Overview The H1N1 flu, commonly known as swine flu, is primarily caused by the H1N1 strain of the flu influenza virus. More Information Self-care for the flu. Request an Appointment at Mayo Clinic.
More Information He's the bravest kid I've ever seen. This is one reason a person may get the flu more than once during the flu season and why it is important to create vaccines against the viruses that are currently circulating the population. Every year the vaccine is updated to keep up with changes in the circulating influenza viruses so it is important to be immunized annually.
Antigenic shift refers to an abrupt, major change that produces a new influenza subtype in humans that was not previously transmitted between people. Antigenic shift occurs through animal to human transmission or through mixing of human influenza A and animal influenza A virus genes to create a new human influenza A subtype with new types of hemagglutinin, neuraminidase or both.
When this happens, most people have little or no protection against the new influenza virus, as was the case in the H1N1 virus.
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